Docker仓库被墙后 如何自建代理仓库
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首先需要一台能够访问外网的机器作为部署中转代理的服务器

安装docker 或podman

安装docker或podman来启动代理仓库服务

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

证书准备

不配置证书的话 拉取镜像需要配置skip verify跳过验证, 以下文章均以申请的 xxfrrvw.top 域名及证书为例

域名证书生成
ls xxfrrvw.top/
ca_bundle.crt certificate.crt private.key
cat xxfrrvw.top/certificate.crt xxfrrvw.top/ca_bundle.crt > xxfrrvw.top/fullchain.crt

镜像仓库安装脚本

#!/bin/bash

# Configuration
listen_address=0.0.0.0
listen_port_first=5000
data_dir="/root/containers-registry-proxy"
use_tls=false
cert_path=""
key_path=""

# Array with a list of proxied container registries
registries=(
  "docker.io=registry-1.docker.io"
  "quay.io"
  "gcr.io"
  "k8s.gcr.io"
  "ghcr.io"
  "mcr.microsoft.com"
  "registry.gitlab.com"
)

# Function to print usage
print_usage() {
  echo "Usage: $0 [OPTIONS]"
  echo "Options:"
  echo "  --use-tls          Enable TLS"
  echo "  --cert-path PATH   Path to TLS certificate file"
  echo "  --key-path PATH    Path to TLS key file"
  echo "  --data-dir PATH    Path to data directory (default: $data_dir)"
  echo "  --help             Display this help message"
}

# Parse command line arguments
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
  case $1 in
    --use-tls)
      use_tls=true
      shift
      ;;
    --cert-path)
      cert_path="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    --key-path)
      key_path="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    --data-dir)
      data_dir="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    --help)
      print_usage
      exit 0
      ;;
    *)
      echo "Unknown option: $1"
      print_usage
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac
done

# Validate TLS configuration
if $use_tls; then
  if [ -z "$cert_path" ] || [ -z "$key_path" ]; then
    echo "Error: When using TLS, both --cert-path and --key-path must be provided."
    exit 1
  fi
  if [ ! -f "$cert_path" ] || [ ! -f "$key_path" ]; then
    echo "Error: Certificate or key file not found."
    exit 1
  fi
fi

# Get container engine binary
if command -v podman &>/dev/null; then
  cre=podman
elif command -v docker &>/dev/null; then
  cre=docker
else
  >&2 printf '\n%s\n' 'Podman or Docker not installed!'
  exit 1
fi

# Start Redis
mkdir -p "$data_dir/redis-data"
$cre run --restart=always --detach --quiet --name registry-cache-redis \
  --publish 6379:6379 \
  --volume "$data_dir/redis-data:/data" \
  docker.io/redis:6 redis-server --appendonly yes >/dev/null

# Start Distribution's
for i in ${registries[@]}; do
  : "${port:=$listen_port_first}"
  registry="${i/=*/}"
  registry_url="${i/*=/}"

  mkdir -p "$data_dir/$registry"

  # Check if registry is docker.io to add specific environment variables
  if [ "$registry" = "docker.io" ]; then
    extra_env_vars="--env REGISTRY_PROXY_USERNAME=lingdie \
    --env REGISTRY_PROXY_PASSWORD=123456Yy."
  else
    extra_env_vars=""
  fi

  # Prepare TLS configuration
  tls_config=""
  if $use_tls; then
    tls_config="--volume $cert_path:/certs/cert.pem:ro \
                --volume $key_path:/certs/key.pem:ro \
                --env REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/cert.pem \
                --env REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/key.pem"
  fi

  $cre run --restart=always --detach --quiet --name "registry-cache-$registry" \
    --publish $port:5000 \
    --env REGISTRY_HTTP_ADDR=0.0.0.0:5000 \
    --env REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY=/cache \
    --env REGISTRY_STORAGE_CACHE_BLOBDESCRIPTOR=redis \
    --env REGISTRY_PROXY_REMOTEURL=https://$registry_url \
    --env REGISTRY_REDIS_ADDR=$(hostname -I | cut -d' ' -f1):6379 \
    --env REGISTRY_PROXY_TTL=2h \
    --volume "$data_dir/$registry":/cache \
    $extra_env_vars \
    $tls_config \
    docker.io/registry:2 >/dev/null

  port=$((port+1))

done

这个脚本用于设置和运行多个容器镜像仓库的代理缓存。它支持多个常用的容器仓库，并可以选择性地启用 TLS 加密。可以看到 5000-5006 端口正常运行中，分别代表不同的仓库地址代理：

“docker.io=registry-1.docker.io” # 5000 “quay.io” # 5001 “gcr.io” # 5002 “k8s.gcr.io” # 5003 “ghcr.io” # 5004 “mcr.microsoft.com” # 5005 “registry.gitlab.com” # 5006

使用方法

  1. 确保你的系统上安装了 Docker 或 Podman。
  2. 将脚本保存为可执行文件，例如 registry-proxy.sh。
  3. 根据需要修改脚本中的配置部分，特别是 registries 数组。
  4. 需要停止或删除这些代理容器，你需要手动使用 Docker 或 Podman 命令来完成
  5. 运行脚本：
./registry-proxy.sh [OPTIONS]

选项

  • --use-tls: 启用 TLS 加密
  • --cert-path PATH: TLS 证书文件的路径
  • --key-path PATH: TLS 私钥文件的路径
  • --data-dir PATH: 数据目录的路径（默认：/root/containers-registry-proxy）
  • --help: 显示帮助信息

执行命令

chmod +x ./registry-proxy.sh && ./registry-proxy.sh --use-tls --cert-path $(pwd)/xxfrrvw.top/fullchain.crt --key-path $(pwd)/xxfrrvw.top/private.key --data-dir $(pwd)/registry-data

查看状态

docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                       NAMES
7f2156db9def   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   26 seconds ago   Up 25 seconds   0.0.0.0:5006->5000/tcp, :::5006->5000/tcp   registry-cache-registry.gitlab.com
6b27d1ad7cf0   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   26 seconds ago   Up 26 seconds   0.0.0.0:5005->5000/tcp, :::5005->5000/tcp   registry-cache-mcr.microsoft.com
618d9eeee965   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   26 seconds ago   Up 26 seconds   0.0.0.0:5004->5000/tcp, :::5004->5000/tcp   registry-cache-ghcr.io
a30afb3bf59e   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   27 seconds ago   Up 26 seconds   0.0.0.0:5003->5000/tcp, :::5003->5000/tcp   registry-cache-k8s.gcr.io
15a984c5ab4d   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   27 seconds ago   Up 27 seconds   0.0.0.0:5002->5000/tcp, :::5002->5000/tcp   registry-cache-gcr.io
4aab93c84c50   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   27 seconds ago   Up 27 seconds   0.0.0.0:5001->5000/tcp, :::5001->5000/tcp   registry-cache-quay.io
d1bc359dc2a1   registry:2   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   28 seconds ago   Up 27 seconds   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp   registry-cache-docker.io
69874dcd1aa9   redis:6      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   34 seconds ago   Up 33 seconds   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp   registry-cache-redis
netstat -tuln | grep 500
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5006            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5004            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5005            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5002            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5003            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5001            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5006                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5004                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5005                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5002                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5003                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5000                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5001                 :::*                    LISTEN

测试成功代理镜像仓库

docker pull xxfrrvw.top:5000/library/ubuntu:latest
Trying to pull xxfrrvw.top:5000/library/ubuntu:latest...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 9c704ecd0c69 done
Copying config 35a8880255 done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
35a88802559dd2077e584394471ddaa1a2c5bfd16893b829ea57619301eb3908
docker pull xxfrrvw.top:5001/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
Trying to pull xxfrrvw.top:5001/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 3572b831a7ad [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 204.0b
Copying blob 70c24c20a569 [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 280.0b
Copying blob c9b1b535fdd9 [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 2.7MiB
Copying blob 7873cb07ba91 [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 4.6MiB
Copying blob 45ba4c948320 [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 49.4MiB
Copying blob 58acda238271 [--------------------------------------] 0.0b / 17.7MiB

配置k8s containerd代理

配置脚本 ## 非证书模式 需要修改skip_verify=true，并且https修改为http

#!/bin/bash

# 默认值
DEFAULT_CERTS_DIR="/etc/containerd/certs.d"
DEFAULT_PROXY_DOMAIN="xxfrrvw.top"
START_PORT=5000

# 解析命令行参数
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
  case $1 in
    --certs-dir)
      CERTS_DIR="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    --proxy-domain)
      PROXY_DOMAIN="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    *)
      echo "Unknown option: $1"
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac
done

# 如果未指定，使用默认值
CERTS_DIR=${CERTS_DIR:-$DEFAULT_CERTS_DIR}
PROXY_DOMAIN=${PROXY_DOMAIN:-$DEFAULT_PROXY_DOMAIN}

# 确保目录存在
mkdir -p "$CERTS_DIR"

# 注册表列表
registries=(
  "docker.io"
  "gcr.io"
  "ghcr.io"
  "k8s.gcr.io"
  "quay.io"
  "registry.k8s.io"
)

# 创建配置文件
create_config() {
  local registry="$1"
  local port="$2"
  local config_dir="$CERTS_DIR/$registry"
  local config_file="$config_dir/hosts.toml"

  mkdir -p "$config_dir"

  cat > "$config_file" <<EOF
server = "https://$registry"

[host."https://$PROXY_DOMAIN:$port"]
  capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]
  skip_verify = false
EOF

  echo "Created configuration for $registry at $config_file"
}

# 为每个注册表创建配置
port=$START_PORT
for registry in "${registries[@]}"; do
  create_config "$registry" "$port"
  ((port++))
done

echo "Configuration completed."
echo "CERTS_DIR: $CERTS_DIR"
echo "PROXY_DOMAIN: $PROXY_DOMAIN"

运行脚本配置

chmod +x configure_containerd_hosts.sh
./configure_containerd_hosts.sh --proxy-domain xxfrrvw.top
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